新加坡华语资料库

本资料库收录了具有文化、历史或情感意义的华语词汇。这些词汇是新加坡人过去或现在的生活用语，有的见于印刷媒体，有的则在日常对话中使用。

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拼音索引

海

hǎi

峡

xiá

殖

zhí

民

mín

地

dì

Straits Settlement

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Straits Settlement

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释义

名词

由新加坡、槟城与马六甲三个英属殖民地组成的行政单位。

DEFINITION

Noun

An administrative unit that comprised three British colonies: Singapore, Penang, and Malacca.

由来
  • 英语 “Straits Settlements” 的意译。大英帝国与荷兰王国在 1824 年签署了《伦敦条约》（Treaty of London），将马来半岛以北的地区归入英国的势力范围。
  • 在签订《伦敦条约》之前，英国早已在马六甲海峡的石叻坡（新加坡）、槟榔屿（槟城）与吗六呷（马六甲）三地设立商业港口，占据战略性位置。
  • 1786 年，槟榔屿成为英国在马六甲海峡的第一个殖民地。1795 年，英国也占据了马六甲。
  • 英国也正在马六甲海峡寻找一个合适设立贸易港口的地点，因此在 1819 年派英属东印度公司（British East India Company）的代表莱佛士（Stamford Raffles）与柔佛苏丹胡申（Sultan Hussein Mohamed Shah of Johor）和拿督天猛公斯里阿都拉曼（Dato Temenggong Sri Maharajah Abdul Rahman）签署《石叻坡条约》（Singapore Treaty）。三方于 1824 年也签订了《友好同盟条约》（Treaty of Friendship and Alliance）协议。
  • 1826 年，为了统一三个地方的行政与财务收支，提供源自移民群体的劳力和资本流动的便利，并确保海峡两岸贸易路线安全，英国政府将他们在马来半岛海峡的三个殖民领地组成了海峡殖民地，形成一个统一的行政机构。
  • 海峡殖民地的首府起初设在槟城，但在 1832 年移至新加坡。
  • 从1826年到1866年之间，英国政府把海峡殖民地交由英属印度总督（British Governor-General of India）管制，直到1867年海峡殖民地才成为直属于英国殖民办公室（Colonial Office in London）的皇冠殖民地（Crown Colony）。
  • 1946年，马来亚联盟（Malayan Union）成立，海峡殖民地被废除，而新加坡继续成为皇冠殖民地。
ETYMOLOGY
  • The Mandarin term “海峡殖民地” is a paraphrase of the English term “Straits Settlements”.
  • In 1824, the British Empire and the Kingdom of the Netherlands signed the Treaty of London to include the northern area of the Malay Peninsula under British control.
  • Before signing the Treaty of London, the British had already established three commercial ports strategically located along the Strait of Malacca in Singapore, Penang, and Malacca.
  • In 1786, Penang became the first British colony in the Strait of Malacca. In 1795, the British also occupied Malacca.
  • The British were also searching for a suitable location to set up a trading port along the Strait of Malacca. In 1819, Sir Stamford Raffles, representative of the British East India Company, signed the Singapore Treaty with Sultan Hussein Mohamed Shah of Johor and Dato Temenggong Sri Maharajah Abdul Rahman. The three parties also signed the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance in 1824.
  • In 1826, in order to unify the administrative and financial processes of the three colonies, facilitate the convenient flow of migrant labour and capital, and ensure the safety of trade routes across the Strait, the British government integrated the three colonies into a single administrative unit and formed the Straits Settlements.
  • The capital of the Straits Settlements was originally established in Penang but moved to Singapore in 1832.
  • Between 1826 and 1866, the British government assigned the governance of the Straits Settlements to the Governor-General of India. In 1867, the Straits Settlements finally became a Crown colony under the direct control of the Colonial Office in London.
  • In 1946, the Malayan Union was formed and the Straits Settlements were abolished, while Singapore remained a Crown Colony.
例句
在道格拉斯闽南语字典里，Baba一词被解释成为来自海峡殖民地的混血华人；在海峡殖民地，此词则用在出生于这些地方的华人，不论他是混血或者纯粹。（《联合早报》，5/3/2020）
SAMPLE SENTENCE
In the Douglas' Hokkien Dictionary, the term 'Baba' is explained as referring to mixed-race Chinese from the Straits Settlements; In the Straits Settlements, the term was used for the Chinese born locally, regardless of whether one was of mixed or pure parentage. (Lianhe Zaobao, 5/3/2020)
参考资料
点击查看海峡殖民地的参考资料
REFERENCES

Click here to view references for Straits Settlement

 

 

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